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Civil society and trade unions, whether as service providers and/or as advocates, have played a key role in defending migrants' rights. Increased labor mobility on the one hand and accelerating labor exploitation and deregulation on the other have rendered migrants, particularly irregular migrants, more vulnerable to abuse and exploitation. While there is an alternative policy framework to promote migrants' rights, the realization of this framework requires sustained advocacy. Both civil society organizations and trade unions are critical players in advocating for a comprehensive and rights-based approach to national and international migration policies. Key strategic action lines include establishing alliances among trade unions, civil society and migrant organizations; spearheading public discussions and actions to prevent discrimination and xenophobia; provision of direct services to migrant communities; and engagement with international campaigns and cooperative programs.